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The Eastern Caelian offers a uniquely rich insight into the transformation of Rome from the Classical World to Late Antiquity. From the extravagant horti, the houses of elite families, through successive imperial palaces to the seat of papal governance the area’s architecture embodied changing expressions of political power. From the early military stations, through the grandeur of the barracks of the emperor’s horse guards, to the building and rebuilding of the Aurelian Walls, it illuminates evolving ideas about security and imperial control. And from the shrines of the early empire to the world’s first Cathedral, it attests successive religious regenerations.
To understand better the significance and interplay of all these themes, and the way in which an area on the fringes of the classical city came to play such a central role in Late Antiquity, the archaeology of the Eastern Caelian has comprehensively reappraised by the ERC-funded ‘Rome Transformed’ Project. This paper introduces the Project’s methods, its visualisations of the evolving area, and some of its major findings.
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